Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti China ndi "dziko lalikulu la magalimoto amagetsi a mawilo awiri", koma monga chimodzi mwa zigawo zofunika kwambiri za batri yamagetsi yamagetsi, kwenikweni, China ndi dziko lalikulu la kupanga mabatire ndi malonda, molingana ku deta zikusonyeza kuti China batire pachaka kupanga ndi malonda. Battery, kwenikweni, dziko lathu ndi batire kupanga ndi mphamvu malonda, malinga ndi deta zikusonyeza kuti China batire pachaka kupanga ndi Malinga ndi deta, China chaka ndi chaka kupanga batire ndi mowa oposa biliyoni 14, mlandu gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kupanga dziko, Ndithu weniweni "batire dziko".
Kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire, magalimoto amagetsi amakhalanso ndi gawo lalikulu, monga tonse tikudziwira, magalimoto amagetsi a mawilo awiri kwenikweni ndi a njira zosakhalitsa, koma gawo lake lalikulu, batire, kulimba kwake kudzakhala koipitsitsa, magalimoto onse amagetsi a mawilo awiri. kwenikweni adzayenera kusintha batire kangapo, kutanthauza kuti dziko lathu lili ndi magalimoto amagetsi a mawilo 350 miliyoni, osachepera 700 miliyoni. seti ya mabatire. Monga ogulitsa mapulagi amphamvu kwambiri a mabatire a lithiamu, mtengo wotuluka wa mapulagi a lithiamu batri ya Amass ukuwonjezekanso, kuwonetsa kuti mtengo wotulutsa mapulagi a lithiamu batire ukuwonjezeka. kufunikira kwa mapulagi a lithiamu pamsika wa batri ya lithiamu. Pofuna kuthana ndi kufunikira kwa msika, Amass imabweretsa zida zopangira zokha ndikuwongolera mosalekeza ukadaulo wolumikizira magetsi a DC, ndicholinga chopereka zolumikizira zapamwamba kwambiri pamsika. msika wokhala ndi zolumikizira zapamwamba kwambiri.
Masiku ano, batri sizinthu zambiri zokha, zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu zayambitsanso batri yawo ya "teknoloji yakuda" kuti ikope makasitomala ogula. Battery, kuti akope makasitomala ogula, msika tsopano alipo mitundu ingapo ya mabatire wamba, mabatire lead-acid, mabatire graphene, mabatire wakuda golide, mabatire lifiyamu, kuchokera cholimba ndi moyo wautali kusanthula, kusiyana chiyani pakati pawo. Battery, mabatire a golide wakuda, mabatire a lithiamu, kuchokera ku nthawi yayitali komanso osiyanasiyana kuti asanthule, pali kusiyana kotani pakati pawo.
Batire ya lead-acid
Amaonedwa kuti ndi "kholo" la batri, kuyambira zaka 150 zapitazo, batire yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa, ngakhale batire siligwiritsidwa ntchito mu magalimoto amagetsi. Ngakhale lero, mabatire a lead-acid akadali mtundu waukulu wa mabatire omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto amagetsi, omwe ali ndi gawo la msika wopitilira 70%.
Batire ya lead-acid imapangidwa ndi mbale zotsogola zabwino ndi zoyipa, mizati yabwino komanso yoyipa, ma electrolyte, magawo, mabatire a zipolopolo, ntchitoyo imakhala makamaka ndi mbale zabwino ndi zoyipa komanso ma electrolyte chemical reaction, kuti amalize kuyitanitsa kuchokera ku DC ina. gwero lamphamvu kuti mupeze "mphamvu yamagetsi" mu "chemical energy".
Mabatire a lead-acid ali ndi "chilembo" chofunikira, ndiko kuti, chotsika mtengo. Chosiyana kwambiri ndi mabatire ena, mabatire a lead-acid chifukwa cha zinthu, njira ndi mabatire anayi akuluakulu mu osavuta kwambiri, mtengo wake ndi wotsika kwambiri, womwenso ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chingakhale ndi msika wanthawi yayitali. kufuna. Komabe, kutsika kwachaji/nthawi zokhetsera komanso kukula kwakukulu ndi kulemera kolemera kwa mabatire a asidi amtovu zathandiziranso kutsika kwawo pang'onopang'ono kutchuka. Komabe, nthawi yolipiritsa ndi kutulutsa nthawi yocheperako ndi yocheperako, komanso voliyumu yayikulu komanso kulemera kolemetsa, zomwe ndichifukwa chake zimasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi mabatire ena.
Graphene Battery
M'zaka zaposachedwa, batire yakhala ikulemekezedwa kwambiri ndi mitundu yayikulu, ndipo mitundu yoyambira ngati Yadea, AIMA, ndi TAILG yatulutsa mabatire a graphene. Magalimoto amagetsi a Graphene okhala ndi mawilo awiri, akulengeza kuti ali ndi nthawi yayitali, yayitali, yotchuka kwambiri ndi ogula. Ndiwotchuka kwambiri pakati pa ogula.
Komabe, tanthauzo la sayansi la batire la graphene kwenikweni limatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito ayoni a lithiamu pamwamba pa graphene ndi maelekitirodi a batire opangidwa ndi mawonekedwe akuyenda mwachangu komanso kwakukulu pakati pa batire ya Graphene, komabe, kufotokozedwa mwasayansi, kwenikweni kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito ma ion lifiyamu pamwamba pa graphene ndi ma elekitirodi akuyenda mwachangu pakati pa mawonekedwe a kukula kwa batire, ndi batire yapano ya graphene pamagalimoto amagetsi, kokha batire ya acid-acid yokhala ndi graphene pang'ono, motero imatchedwa graphene Batire yamakono ya graphene mumakampani amagetsi amagetsi, mu mabatire amtovu a asidi okhala ndi graphene pang'ono, motero amatchedwa mabatire a graphene ali kwenikweni mu Kukhala cholinga, mabatire awa ayenera kutchedwa "mabatire a graphene lead-acid". Ngakhale kuti ndi ya mabatire a lead-acid, ndi yosiyana ndi mabatire a lead-acid, ndipo mtengo wake udzakhala wokwera mtengo, koma osati wokwera mtengo ngati mabatire a lithiamu. Zina, koma osati pamtengo wokwera wa mabatire a lithiamu, mabatire a lithiamu adzakhala otsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa, ndipo, ndi tanthauzo la mabatire a lead-acid, chitetezo chimakhalanso chabwino kuposa batri ya asidi, chitetezo chimakhalanso chokwera kwambiri kuposa mabatire a lithiamu. , ndi chapakati pa mapeto a batri. Kulipiritsa ndi Kutulutsa Kutulutsa ndi kutulutsa komanso kuchuluka kwa mikombero kwawonjezedwa kuyerekeza ndi mabatire a lead-acid, ndipo kuchuluka kwachulukira pafupifupi 10% poyerekeza ndi mabatire a lead-acid.
Black Gold Battery
Poyerekeza ndi magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi Awiri omwe amapangidwa mwachindunji "fanfare" kuti alengeze mabatire a graphene, monga akatswiri opanga mabatire, otchedwa batire yakuda yagolide imakhala yowonjezereka kwambiri. Chomwe chimatchedwa batri yakuda yagolide imatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za graphene alloy pa gridi yabwino ya batire. Batire yotchedwa golide wakuda imatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za graphene alloy pa gridi yabwino ya batire, ndipo pakadali pano, Tianneng ndi Chaowei amatcha batri yokhala ndi graphene yowonjezeredwa ngati batire yagolide yakuda. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeredwa kwa zinthu za graphene, mphamvu yonse ya mabatire a aloyi ndi yabwino kuposa mabatire a lead-acid, omwe samva kuzizira ndi kutentha kuposa mabatire a lead-acid. Imalimbana ndi kuzizira ndi kutentha kuposa mabatire a asidi-asidi, ndipo mphamvuyo idzakhala yamphamvu kwambiri, yamphamvu pang'ono kuposa mabatire a asidi-asidi, koma yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa mabatire a lithiamu-ion, ndipo pali kusiyana kwina pamtengo.
Mabatire ndipo pali kusiyana kwina pamitengo, mtengo wa mabatire a golide wakuda kuposa mabatire a asidi otsogolera udzakhala wokwera, nthawi zambiri ma yuan 30 mpaka 50 okwera mtengo pa seti iliyonse ya mabatire. Pankhani ya mtengo, mtengo wa mabatire a golide wakuda ndi wokwera kuposa mabatire a lead-acid, nthawi zambiri 30 mpaka 50 yuan okwera mtengo pa batire iliyonse. Zofunikira za mabatire agolide wakuda ndi mabatire a graphene ndizofanana, kotero kulimba kwake ndi kusiyanasiyana kumakhala kofanana. Kukhalitsa ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa mabatire ndizofanana.
Batire ya lithiamu
Batire ya Lithium ndiye batire yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito kwambiri pakadali pano, chifukwa chakuchepa kwake komanso kulemera kwake, makamaka zida zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lithiamu.
Lithium batire amapangidwa ndi lithiamu zitsulo kapena lithiamu aloyi ngati zinthu zabwino ndi zoipa, ntchito sanali amadzimadzi electrolyte njira. Pakali pano, mabatire a lithiamu amakhala makamaka ternary lithiamu mabatire, lithiamu chitsulo phosphate mabatire, lithiamu manganate mabatire, amene ternary lithiamu mabatire ndi ubwino mphamvu mkulu, moyo wautali, koma okwera mtengo, ntchito magalimoto magetsi mawilo awiri. Lifiyamu batire ali ubwino mphamvu mkulu ndi moyo wautali, koma mtengo ndi okwera mtengo, ndi ntchito magalimoto magetsi mawilo awiri ndi ochepa, pamene mtengo wa lithiamu manganese asidi batire ndi mkulu. Lithium manganese asidi batire ndi wotchipa, koma moyo ndi waufupi, ntchito ndi ochepa, lithiamu chitsulo mankwala batire, mtengo ndi zolimbitsa, mphamvu ndi zolimbitsa, cholimba. Mabatire a Lithium iron phosphate ali ndi mtengo wapakatikati, mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi, kulimba kwabwino komanso chitetezo chokwanira, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi.
Kukhalitsa ndi kusiyanasiyana ndiye mwayi waukulu wa batire ya lithiamu, batire wamba wotsogolera-acid kuthamangitsa nthawi 300, batire ya graphene ndi golide wakuda kwa nthawi 500 mpaka 600, pomwe batire ya lithiamu imatha kufikira nthawi pafupifupi 1500. Nthawi, mabatire a graphene ndi golide wakuda kwa 500 mpaka 600, ndipo mabatire a lithiamu amatha kufikira nthawi za 1500, ngati mufananiza, ndi batire ya lithiamu yokhala ndi kulimba kwambiri. Tikayerekeza, batire ya lithiamu imakhala yolimba kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa cha kukula kwake kochepa, kulemera kwake ndi mphamvu zambiri, kusiyana kwake ndipamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kochepa, kulemera kwake komanso mphamvu zambiri, moyo wa batri ndi wopambana kwambiri pakati pa mabatire awa.
Kuti apititse patsogolo kulimba kwa mapulagi a batri a lithiamu, mapulagi a Amass amapangidwa ndi PA66 nayiloni yokhala ndi zinthu zoletsa moto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino pamakina ndi magetsi, ndipo mbali zolumikizirana zimapangidwa ndi mkuwa wofiyira wokhala ndi siliva wosakanizidwa pang'ono. ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri kolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhazikika kwake kukhala kokulirapo kuposa mapulagi amakampani omwewo.
Kuchokera pamwamba, inu mukhoza kumvetsa kusiyana panopa waukulu Mawilo awiri magetsi magetsi magalimoto 4 mabatire akuluakulu, eni mu kusankha magetsi Pamene batire, makamaka amakonda durability ndi osiyanasiyana, kusankha ayenera kukhala dongosolo lithiamu mabatire> graphene. mabatire> mabatire a graphene = Komabe, ngati mumakonda kwambiri mtengo ndi chitetezo, ndibwino kuti musankhe mabatire a Li-ion> mabatire a graphene> mabatire agolide wakuda> mabatire a lead-acid mu dongosolo. Komabe, ngati mumakonda mtengo ndi chitetezo, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha mabatire a lead-acid>mabatire agolide wakuda>mabatire a graphene>mabatire a lithiamu, ndipo m'zaka zaposachedwa, mabatire a lithiamu aphulika ndikuyaka moto. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kuphulika kwa lifiyamu batire moto chochitika, kuti lithiamu batire ndi otetezeka ndi nkhani zina amakankhira kwa kutentha.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-20-2024