Muzochitika zamagetsi amphamvu monga mphamvu zatsopano, uinjiniya wamagetsi ndi kayendetsedwe ka mafakitale, kutsekereza magetsi pamagetsi ndiye njira yofunika kwambiri yotsimikizira kulumikizana kwamagetsi kotetezeka. Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti 35% ya moto wamagetsi umachitika chifukwa cha kulumikizana kwa magetsi kosasunthika kapena koipa. Monga gawo lofunikira la njira yotsekereza magetsi, chiŵerengero cha kutsekereza magetsi chimatsimikizira mwachindunji mphamvu ya makina ndi kuyendetsa magetsi kwa maulumikizidwe. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kuchuluka kwa kutsekereza magetsi koyenera, njira yowerengera, zinthu zomwe zimakhudza magetsi, ndi zofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa magetsi pamagetsi amphamvu, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo.
I. Kodi Chiŵerengero cha Kupsinjika ndi Chiyani? Yambani mwamvetsa tanthauzo lake lalikulu
Chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika (chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika kapena kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika) chimayesa chiŵerengero chosintha cha dera la kondakitala lisanayambe komanso litatha kukwinya, kusonyeza kulimba kwa ma kondakitala ndi ma terminal. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zowerengera mumakampani.
USCAR-21 (Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto ndi m'magawo amagetsi, kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika)
Chiŵerengero cha Kupsinjika (%) = 100×(1 - Malo odutsa gawo la kondakitala pambuyo pa kutsekeka / Malo odutsa gawo la kondakitala asanatsekeke)
Chitsanzo: Choyendetsa cha 50mm² chisanatsegulidwe chimachepa ndi 20% pambuyo potsegulidwa, ndi chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika cha 20%.
VW 60330 (Yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu miyezo yaku Germany ndi m'mafakitale, chiŵerengero cha compaction)
Chiŵerengero cha Kupsinjika (%) = Malo odutsa gawo la kondakitala pambuyo pa kutsekeka / Malo odutsa gawo la kondakitala asanatsekeke × 100%
Chitsanzo: Ngati dera la conductor pambuyo pa crimp limawerengera 80% ya dera loyambirira, chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika ndi 80%.
II. Kuchuluka kwa Kupanikizika Koyenera kwa Crimping Yapamwamba Kwambiri
Zofunikira zazikulu pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi yamphamvu (ma conductor amkuwa, 6–400mm²): kukana kukhudzana ndi magetsi pang'ono, mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi yamphamvu, kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kugwedezeka. Mitundu yoyenera imasiyana malinga ndi zinthu ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito.
1. Ma conductor a mkuwa (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale atsopano amagetsi, magetsi ndi owongolera mafakitale)
Mulingo woyenera kwambiri: 15%–25% (chiwerengero cha kupsinjika) / 75%–85% (chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika)
Zochitika zogawanika:
Mphamvu yamagetsi yanthawi zonse (6–95mm²): 18%–22% ya mphamvu yamagetsi, kukana ndi mphamvu.
Mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri (120–400mm²): Chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika 22%–25%. Kupanikizika kwakukulu kumafunika kuti kuswe zigawo za oxide.
Kugwedezeka kwa ma frequency ambiri (magalimoto atsopano amphamvu / ma locomotive): chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika kwa 15%–20%, chimaletsa kusweka kwa chingwe cha waya chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwambiri.
2. Kondakitala ya aluminiyamu (chingwe chamagetsi / basi)
Aluminiyamu imakonda kusungunuka ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu yochepa yodutsitsa. Chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha kupsinjika chikufunika kuti filimu ya oxide isweke: chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika cha 30%–50%, chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika cha 50%–70%
3. Maumboni Ogwirizana ndi Makampani
National Standard GB/T 14315-2008: Chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika kwa chingwe chamagetsi ndi 20%-30%
IEC 60352-2: Chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika kwa crimping chopanda chogulitsa 15%–25%
USCAR-21 (Muyezo wa Magalimoto): Chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika 15%–20%, chiŵerengero chopanda kanthu＜10%
III. Zotsatira za Chiŵerengero Chokwera Kwambiri Kapena Chotsika cha Kupsinjika
✅ Chiŵerengero chotsika cha kupsinjika (<15%)
Kulumikizana kosasunthika pakati pa kondakitala ndi cholumikizira, kukwera kwakukulu kwa kukana kukhudzana. Kutentha kwambiri kumachitika pansi pa mphamvu yamagetsi yapamwamba komanso kutentha kumakwera kuposa 50℃.
Mphamvu yotulutsa yosakwanira, yosakwana 80% ya mtengo wamba, yomwe imatha kumasuka ndikugwa ikagwedezeka.
Mipata ikuluikulu imalola chinyezi ndi fumbi kulowa, zomwe zimafulumizitsa kukhuthala ndi dzimbiri.
✅ Chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika kwakukulu (>30%)
Kusinthasintha kwakukulu kapena kusweka kwa zingwe za mkuwa, kuchepa kwa mphamvu yonyamulira magetsi.
Kusweka kwa khoma la terminal ndi kusintha komwe kumabweretsa kutayika kwa mphamvu ya makina.
Kuchuluka kwa nkhawa m'deralo kumayambitsa ming'alu pakapita nthawi yayitali kutentha kukukulirakulira komanso kukuchepa.
IV. Zinthu Zitatu Zofunika Kudziwa Chiŵerengero Choyenera cha Kupsinjika
1. Zipangizo zoyendetsera
Mkuwa: Kusinthasintha kwabwino, chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika ndi 15%-25%
Aluminiyamu: Wolimba wosanjikiza wa okusayidi, chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika 30%-50%
Aluminiyamu yokhala ndi mkuwa: Yapakatikati, chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika 20%-30%
2. Mtundu wa malo opumulirako
Chigawo cha chubu (OT/UT): 18%–22% compression ratio, hexagonal die imakonda
Malo otseguka (SC): 20%–25% kupsinjika kwa chiŵerengero, m'mphepete wotseguka wochepa umafunika
Malo atsopano ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zambiri (LV): 15%–20% compression ratio, anti-strand-break design
3. Zida zomangira ndi kufa
Zipangizo zopukutira za hydraulic crimping (16–24t): Zoyenera 6–400mm², chiŵerengero chokhazikika cha kupsinjika ndi 20%–25%
Hexagonal die: Kupsinjika kofanana, cholakwika cha kupsinjika＜± 2%, chisankho chomwe mumakonda
Chozungulira: Chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, cholakwika chachikulu ± 5%, sichikulimbikitsidwa pamagetsi akuluakulu kwambiri
V. Ntchito Yothandiza: Kuwongolera Chiŵerengero cha Kupanikizika & Kuyang'anira Ubwino
1. Njira Zowongolera Molondola
Kufananiza kwazinthu: Matanitsani ma terminal, ma dies ndi chingwe chodutsa gawo limodzi ndi limodzi
Chithandizo cha kuchotsa: Kutalika kwa kuchotsa kumafanana ndi kuya kwa ferrule kuphatikiza 1-2mm, sungani ulusiwo popanda okosijeni kapena ma burrs
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta oyendetsera galimoto: Ikani mafuta ophatikizana pa ma conductor a mkuwa ndi mafuta apadera pa ma conductor a aluminiyamu kuti muchotse filimu ya oxide
Kugwira ntchito yokhotakhota: Ikani kondakitala mokwanira, kukanikiza mpaka pamtengo wovomerezeka, gwirani kupanikizika kwa masekondi 3-5, kukhotakhota malo 2-3
Kutsimikizira kupsinjika: Yesani m'mimba mwake wakunja mutatha kukwinya, cholakwika cha chiŵerengero chowongolera mkati mwa ± 2%
2. Zofunikira Zowunikira Ubwino
Mawonekedwe: Palibe ming'alu, ziphuphu kapena ma conductor owonekera, kulowetsedwa kofanana
Kukula: Kupatuka kwa m'mimba mwake wakunja ≤±5%, chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika mkati mwa mtunda wotchulidwa
Zamagetsi: Kukana kwa kukhudzana ≤ kuwirikiza nthawi 1.1 kuposa kwa kondakitala wofanana kutalika, kukwera kwa kutentha ≤30℃ pambuyo pa mayeso amphamvu a ola limodzi
Makina: Mphamvu yokoka imakwaniritsa muyezo (kondakitala wolumikizidwa ndi chingwe ≥80N), palibe kumasuka kapena kusweka kwa chingwe
VI. Chidule: Ziwerengero Zofunika Kwambiri za Crimping ya Mphamvu Yaikulu
Kondakitala wa mkuwa (6–400mm²): Chiŵerengero chabwino kwambiri cha kupsinjika 18%–22%, chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika 78%–82%
Kondakitala wa aluminiyamu: Chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika 30%–50%
Mfundo yaikulu: Pewani kutsekeka kwa machesi osakwanira kapena ochulukirapo. Machesi oyeretsera, kuwongolera kolondola komanso kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kuti muchepetse zoopsa zolumikizana.
Cholumikizira cha mphamvu ya AMASS chimagwiritsa ntchito terminal yomwe ingakuthandizeni kusunga maulumikizidwe okhazikika pazochitika monga kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kwambiri, kugwedezeka mobwerezabwereza kwa kutentha kwakukulu ndi kochepa, voliyumu yaying'ono, ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yayikulu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-25-2026